Nox2 B-loop peptide, Nox2ds, specifically inhibits the NADPH oxidase Nox2

NADPH Oxidase NOX2 Mediates Rapid

The Role of the NADPH Oxidase NOX2 in Prion Pathogenesis

Prion infections cause neurodegeneration, which often goes along with oxidative stress. However, the cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their pathogenetic significance are unclear. Here we analyzed the contribution of NOX2, a prominent NADPH oxidase, to prion diseases. We found that NOX2 is markedly upregulated in microglia within affected brain regions of patients with Creutz...

Normobaric hyperoxia protects the blood brain barrier through inhibiting Nox2 containing NADPH oxidase in ischemic stroke

Normobaric hyperoxia (NBO) has been shown to be neuro- and vaso-protective during ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Activation of NADPH oxidase critically contributes to ischemic brain damage via increase in ROS production. We herein tested the hypothesis that NBO protects the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via inhibiting gp91phox (or called Nox2) con...

The NADPH oxidase NOX2 controls glutamate release: a novel mechanism involved in psychosis-like ketamine responses.

Subanesthetic doses of NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine induce schizophrenia-like symptoms in humans and behavioral changes in rodents. Subchronic administration of ketamine leads to loss of parvalbumin-positive interneurons through reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by the NADPH oxidase NOX2. However, ketamine induces very rapid alterations, in both mice and humans. Thus, we have invest...

How Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase affects cortical circuits in the NMDA receptor antagonist model of schizophrenia.

SIGNIFICANCE Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder affecting around 1% of the population worldwide. Its mode of inheritance suggests a multigenic neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms appearing during late adolescence/early adulthood, with its onset strongly influenced by environmental stimuli. Many neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyr...